自考公共課英語(二)各題型應試技巧-詞形變化

詞形變化（ Word Form ）應試技巧

1.熟練掌握動詞詞形變化規律。注意：動詞形式既包括謂語動詞的各種形式，如時態、語態及語氣（直陳、虛擬）等，虛擬語氣為重點，幾年來的考題中都有這方面內容；也包括非謂語動詞的各種形式。所以做動詞的詞形變化時，首先要搞清楚它在句中是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，然后再作相應的變化。

2.認真學好并熟悉課文。本題所選用的句子是根據教材中出現的句子編寫的，其中多數來自課文，所以熟悉教材十分重要。

3.認真鉆研相關的語法講解。主要指謂語動詞、非謂語動詞、形容詞、副詞比較等級、情態動詞、虛擬語氣形容詞比較級、最高級，等部分。

動詞：動詞是考試的重點。主要包括：動詞的時態、語態、語氣和非謂語動詞。

1）動詞的時態：重點是動詞的過去時、完成時。

So far， Irving ______（live） in New York City for ten years. has lived

Many a writer of newspaper articles_______（trun） to writing novels during the past decade. has turned

Some people think relations between people _______（deteriorate） so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible . have deteriorated

Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _______（happen） to her.

had happened

In the past two decades， research _____（expand） our knowledge about sleep and dreams . has expanded

2）動詞的語態：主要掌握各個時態的被動式。

The nations that _______actively ________（involve） in earthquake prediction programs include Japan， Russia， and the United States. are involved

There __________（estimate） to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Brtain in 1995. were estimated

3）動詞的語氣：

A.掌握非真實條件句中，謂語動詞在主句和條件句中的虛擬語氣形式。

If you had come earlier， you ______ （not miss） the first act of the play.

would not have missed

If it hadn‘t been for your help， we _____（be） in real trouble.

would have been

B.在表示建議、命令、要求以及表示“重要性”和“緊迫性”等含義的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，由“動詞原形”或“should + 動詞原形”構成。 should 常常省略

I would recommend that you _______（think） about doing something similar for yourself. （should） think

It was imperative that students ______（finish） their papers before July 1st.

（should） finish

C.動詞wish 、would rather （sooner）、if only、as if 后的虛擬語氣。

I would rather he _____（buy） the house next year.

bought （ 表示從句中動作尚未發生）

She treats me as if I ______ （be） a stranger. were

The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____（ meet） them before.

had met

If only we ______（have） a phone！ I‘m tired of waiting outside the public phone box.

D.in case ， for fear that ， lest 等詞后從句的謂語動詞為（should） + 原形。

He took his umbrella with him lest it _______ （rain.）

（should） rain

E.在It is （high） time that 從句中謂語動詞一般用過去時動詞。

It‘s high time that we _______（take） firm measures to protect our environment. took

F.時間錯綜條件句，動詞的形式要根據表示的時間調整。

如果我們早動身，現在就不會在雨中走了。

If we had set out earlier，we wouldn‘t be walking in the rain.

（從句中動作發生在過去，主句中動作發生在現在。）