初中英語被動語態知識點總結

　　表示動作與主語之間是被動關系的句子是被動語態，今天小編為大家整理的是初中英語被動語態的相關內容，希望大家喜歡，歡迎閱讀參考。

　　一、語態概述

　　英語的語態是通過動詞形式的變化表現出來的。英語中有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。

　　主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者。

　　例如：Many people speak Chinese.

　　謂語：speak的動作是由主語many people來執行的。

　　被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。

　　二、被動語態的構成

　　被動語態由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。人稱、數和時態的變化是通過be的變化表現出來的�，F以speak為例說明被動語態在各種時態中的構成。

　　一般現在時：am/is/are+spoken

　　一般過去時：was/were+spoken

　　一般將來時：will/shall be+spoken

　　現在進行時：am/is/are being+spoken

　　過去進行時：was/were being+spoken

　　現在完成時：have/has been+spoken

　　過去完成時：had been + spoken

　　三、被動語態的用法

　　(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰。

　　例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.　一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。(不知道電腦是誰偷的)

　　This bridge was founded in 1981.這座橋竣工于1981年。

　　(2)強調動作的承受者，而不強調動作的執行者。

　　例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。

　　This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。

　　Your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業必須及時完成。

　　四、主動語態變被動語態的方法

　　(1)把主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語。

　　(2)把謂語變成被動結構(be+過去分詞) (根據被動語態句子里的主語的人稱和數，以及原來主動語態句子中動詞的時態來決定be的形式)。

　　(3)把主動語態中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如：

　　All the people laughed at him.

　　He was laughed at by all people.

　　They make the bikes in the factory.

　　The bikes are made by them in the factory.

　　He cut down a tree.

　　A tree was cut down by him.

　　五、含有情態動詞的被動語態

　　含有情態動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由“情態動詞+be+過去分詞”構成，原來帶to的情態動詞變成被動語態后“to”仍要保留。

　　We can repair this watch in two days.

　　This watch can be repaired in two days.

　　They should do it at once.

　　It should be done at once.

　　六、特殊情況

　　1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.

　　The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.

　　2.Mother never lets me watch TV .

　　I am never let to watch TV by mother.

　　3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.

　　(1)A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.

　　(2)Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.

　　延伸閱讀：被動語態習題

　　1 The People's Republic of China __ on October 1, 1949.

　　A. found

　　B. was founded

　　C. is founded

　　D. was found

　　2 English ____ in Canada.

　　A. speaks

　　B. are spoken

　　C. is speaking

　　D. is spoken

　　3 This English song___ by the girls after class.

　　A. often sings

　　B. often sang

　　C. is often sang

　　D. is often sung

　　4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.

　　A, makes

　　B. made

　　C. is making

　　D. is made

　　5 New computers ___ all over the world.

　　A. is used

　　B. are using

　　C. are used

　　D. have used

　　6.Our room must ___ clean.

　　A. keep

　　B. be kept

　　C. to be kept

　　D. to keep

　　7.——I'd like to buy that coat.

　　——I'm sorry___.

　　A. it sold

　　B. it's selling

　　C. It's been sold

　　D. it had been sold

　　8.A new house ___ at the corner of the road.

　　A. is building

　　B. is being built

　　C. been built

　　D. be building

　　9.The key ___ on the table when I left.

　　A. was left

　　B. will be left

　　C. is left

　　D. has been left

　　10.Doctors ___ in every part of the world.

　　A. need

　　B. are needing

　　C. are needed

　　D. will need

　　key:1-5 B D D D C 　　6-10 B C B A C

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